Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce Essay Example

Similitude, Metonymy and Vioce Paper Barbara Johnson’s investigate centers around the figurative, metonymic and voice in Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston. It centers around the significant character, Janie Crawford’s internal and external change towards her different connections. She centers around the qualities, both vocally and truly, increased after her first smack somewhere around her subsequent spouse, Joe Starks. Barbara Johnson centers around the allegorical importance of this change which was characterized as the replacement dependent on the likeness or relationship and afterward she goes on to the metonymic significance which she characterizes as the premise of a connection or affiliation other than that similitude. Paul De Man, a deconstructionist scholarly pundit and scholar, gives a short rundown expressing the inclination for the similitude over metonymy by adjusting relationship to need and contiguity with possibility. As per him, â€Å"’the component of truth’ is the result of an absolutely explanatory and at last metonymical, skillful deception, along these lines over turning the customary chain of command and deconstructing the very reason for the enticing quality and benefit of similitude. † Barbara Johnson gives sharp and severe consideration to a particular section in her study and she additionally centers around its non-literal structure. She talks on Janie’s urgent defining moment according to Joe and herself. She starts to stand up, guarding herself, increasing a â€Å"voice† for her internal identity. These scenes put Janie to consider within condition of her marriage. Janie was not going to be totally accommodating to Joe without her voice being heard. Progressively, Janie â€Å"pressed her teeth together† and figured out how to quiet and the soul of an upbeat closure marriage left the room and moved to the parlor. We will compose a custom paper test on Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Johnson expressed that â€Å"the bed was not, at this point a daisy-field for her and Joe to play in yet it was currently changed into a spot where she proceeded to set down when she was sluggish and tired. † The relationship had out of nowhere adjusted a change as Janie increased a â€Å"voice†. It took a broke picture of Joe, as expressed by Johnson, for Janie to see that it was never the fragile living creature and blood figure of her fantasy. Simply something she had gotten up to wrap her fantasies over. As per the investigate, â€Å"she had no more blossomy openings cleaning dust over her man, neither any flickering youthful natural product where petals used to be. She found that she had a large group of contemplations she never communicated to him and various feelings she had let Joe know about†¦. an outside now and out of nowhere she knew not to blend them†(taken from page 48 of the investigate). Barbara sees the section as an externalization of Janie’s emotions onto the external environmental factors as a story of development from private to open space. While the entire of the figure relates figuratively, analogically, to the conjugal circumstance it is intended to communicate, it uncovers the marriage space to be metonymical, a development through a progression of coterminous rooms. It is a story not of association however of partition focused on a picture not of conjugality yet of virginity. In Janie, there was as yet a quest for her â€Å"voice†. At the point when she understands that the internal and external are never the equivalent, she incomprehensibly starts to talk. Janie’s procurement of the ability to talk permits the peruser to identify or relate with Janie as she builds up her voice and obtains solidarity to guard her suppositions. It must be recalled that the support of sides, analogy and metonymy (inside and outside), is the very chance of talking by any stretch of the imagination. The decrease of a course to unity, way of life as it identifies with Janie, the decrease of lady to mayor’s spouse, has as its important outcome aphasia, quiet, the loss of the capacity to talk. Extending a long ways past Janie’s new completeness or way of life as a character, her expanding capacity to talk becomes out of her capacity not to blend inside with outside, not to imagine that there is no differenc3, yet basically to expect and verbalize the inconsistent powers engaged with her own division. The indication of a valid voice is this not self-character but rather self-distinction. Barbara Johnson talks about how the women’s voices have accomplished inadequacy as it identifies with the circumstance of Janie’s securing of her inward and external voice. Her obstinate explanations were closed somewhere around Joe. Johnson at that point makes reference to Auerbach’s inclination to bind together and disentangle is a desire to re-subsume female contrast under the classification of the all inclusive, which has consistently been unclearly male. The irregular, unimportant and peripheral will basically be added to the rundown of things all men share for all intents and purpose. Auerbach’s then calls for unification and rearrangements in the area of the white. In the event that the woman’s voice must be fuse and expressive division and self-distinction, so too has Afro-American writing consistently needed to accept its twofold voicedness. Johnson finishes up her evaluate with a short rundown of Zora Neale Hurston’s principle imitative into composing Their Eyes Were Watching God. She discloses that as per her, â€Å"there is no message, no topic, no idea; the full scope of inquiries and encounters of Janie’s life are undetectable to a psyche saturated with maleness as Ellison’s Invisible Man is to minds saturated with whiteness. Barbara Johnson, Metaphor, Metonymy and Voice in Their Eyes Were Watching God

West Coast Mainline Modernisation. Project Analysis Essay

West Coast Mainline Modernisation. Venture Analysis - Essay Example The different transportation offices and foundation that are created in the process are streets, extensions, rails and different offices that guide in versatility and access. These improvements are done in stage or per venture premise that discovers explicit final products utilizing venture the board. Task Management is already an administration theory that before long developed into a business procedure (Kerzner, 2009). It includes arranging, sorting out, making sure about and overseeing assets to accomplish objectives. It is to be comprehended that a task has its particular beginning and finishing, and is reliant on schedule, spending plan or financing, and expectations. It is typically expected to bring positive or useful outcomes. Its transitory nature make it novel from business tasks which is a consistent one or to some degree lasting in the conveyance of items or administrations. This paper will talk about and examine a rail industry venture †the West Coast Main Line Mode rnisation - and depict the task the board issues experienced in this undertaking fruition. In the undertaking usage of a rail, different administration stages included are Output Definition, Pre-Feasibility, Option Selection, Single Option Development, Detailed Design, Construction, Testing and Commissioning, Scheme Handback and Project Close Out (Network Rail, 2003). †¢ A short portrayal of your picked venture. The West Coast Main Line or WCML is the rail spine of United Kingdom with regards to significance and number of populaces served. It experienced a few modernisation stages and the most recent of which was the Network Rail modernisation that initiated by the 1990s. Plans for the redesign and recharging of the line by Virgin Trains for the inclining Pendolino trains with sped up 140 mph or 225 km/h was prematurely ended when considered aggressive. The proposed update included the selection of the moving square flagging which worked with light rail frameworks and metro lin es, yet not yet demonstrated with rapid substantial rail organize (Office of Rail Regulation, 2007). Possessed by Network Rail, WCML is the busiest blended traffic railroad course supplier, an intercity interface associating London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow toward the West Midlands, North West, North Wales, and the Central Belt of Scotland. Dealing with around 75 million travelers for each annum meant about 43% of UK’s rail cargo traffic, it is additionally connects numerous other littler towns and urban areas filling in as a rural railroad. The different administrators of the WCML are Virgin Trains, East Coast, London Midland, Southern, CrossCountry, First TransPennine Express, Northern Rail, Arriva Trains Wales, First ScotRail, DB Schenker Rail (UK), GB Railfreight, Freightliner Ltd., and Direct Rail Services Ltd (Network Rail, 2007). It was assigned a need Trans-European Networks course. It interfaces with European territory by means of the Channel Tun nel. In 1955, it was modernized and energized executed in stages from 1959 to 1974. Zap was first actualized on the course from Crewe to Manchester finished by 1960, trailed by Crewe to Liverpool by 1962, London by 1965, Birmingham by 1967, and Weaver Junction to Glasgow by 1974. The presentation of the Inter-City brand in 1966 accompanied fast significant distance administrations where excursion checked in 2 hours and a little ways from London to Manchester or Liverpool (Thomas, 1971). Current mentors followed with the Mark 2 and cooled Mark 3, and soon linespeed was raised to 110 mph or 177 km/h with electric trains that multiplied traveler traffic from 1962 to 1975 (British Railways

Case against Animal Experiments Based on Ethical Theories

A large number of creatures endure and bite the dust each year for the sake of science. In what capacity would this be able to rehearse be legitimized? Open discussion for the most part focuses on the good issues.Proponents of the training contend that the advantages to people of live creature inquire about are incredible to such an extent that the training is advocated. Rivals contend that regardless of what the advantages, the training is ethically nefarious. Seldom are the logical advantages of the training addressed, and when they are, the investigate is underdeveloped.Brute Science fills a since quite a while ago dismissed hole in the discussion by offering an inventive examination of the logical advantages of creature inquire about. In spite of the fact that they do talk about essential research, the primary purpose of LaFollette and Shanks' contention is coordinated against applied biomedical researchâ€in specific the utilization of creatures to foresee the courses of sickn ess, the viability of new medicines, and any destructive symptoms that may go with the latter.The practice of testing new medications and systems on creatures before clinical preliminaries is obligatory in numerous nations and seemingly represents the best extent of the live creatures utilized in research.The term â€Å"animal rights† presents vexing definitional issues, and these issues are confounded by the imprecision with which the term is so regularly utilized. Numerous individuals freely partner â€Å"animal rights† with the possibility that individuals have a good, legitimate, or custodial obligation to treat creatures others consciously. Such a shine permits the thought of rights for creatures to show up standard and to evoke support over a wide spectrum.Peter Singer, who previously enunciated the moral premise whereupon a great part of the contemporary basic entitlements development rests, likes to keep away from the utilization of the word â€Å"rights† by and large. â€Å"The language of rights is an advantageous political shorthand† Singer wrote in his original book, Animal Liberation (Singer, n.p.).â€Å"It is considerably increasingly important in the period of thirty-second TV news cuts than it was in Jeremy Bentham's day; yet in the contention for an extreme change in our mentality to creatures, it is not the slightest bit necessary.† (Singer, n.p.)

Evaluate the relevance of cross-cultural theories in explaining how to Assignment

Assess the importance of culturally diverse hypotheses in disclosing how to oversee organizations in various nations - Assignment Example This, in itself, places the workforce and the administration in a multicultural position. Universalism as a general hypothesis would help ‘blend the culture’ and improve execution, while then again it doesn't consider the fundamental contrasts in societies and particularism must be followed (Alexandria, VA, 2008). It is relevant to get that while setting up a worldwide mentality is gainful, not all human asset methodologies will fit each culture and circumstance, consequently the requirement for versatility (HRMagazine, 2008). Delicate variables like religion and sex regularly characterize whether the host culture is impartial or enthusiastic. Perceiving this has huge favorable position as far as power over the business and workforce itself. For instance, overlooking a strict untouchable may bring about a solid difficulty for the organization if the pertinence of social contrasts is disregarded (Himmelberg, Michele, 1998). Language obstruction, the most widely recognized issue, is significant and requires new relational abilities to be managed (Carter, L, 2005). At the point when a most widely used language doesn't as of now exist, it may be helpful to prepare the nearby workforce in a universal language (Feingold, Jean, 2006) however preparing the administration in the vernacular has its key favorable circumstances including disposal of excess, direct administration and simple comprehension of the way of life (Carter, L, 2005). These key hypotheses are pertinent more often than not even in the web age, however when organizations approach various societies not exclusively to use the workforce yet in addition for promoting, the social measurements play an increasingly noteworthy job. Social measurements, for example, view of equity, power separation and independence characterize the worker conduct bringing about direct effect on turnover and different results straightforwardly influencing the company’s capacity in the serious market (Kim et al, 2007, p. 104, 83-95). As indicated by restricting investigations, the social

Definition of Terms

Meaning of Terms Academic Performance-it is the manner by which the understudies participate/act in the school. †It estimates understudies learning (grades and so forth ) †Determines how the understudies are getting along in their examinations and classes. Forcefulness †impact of an excess of utilization of PC that may obscure a youngster capacity to recognize genuine from reenactment. PC important for the improvement of the computerized capability required of today’s resident. †It fills in as the wellsprings of data and a framework that help educating. †Plays a significant job in amusement or entertainment.Computer Skills-being educated about the PC and its application. †Ability to control PCs. Applied information incorporates the internal functions of a PC or general PC phrasing. Web gives a lot of data that fills in as an apparatus for a superior exhibition in school. Wretchedness a psychological state where understudies are miserable and feel that he/she can't appreciate anything due to the horrendous or troublesome circumstance. Evaluations †one of the components that decide the level and nature of students’ scholarly performance.Operational information alludes to the vital abilities a client may obtains by methods for preparing and practice so as to have the option to work explicit frameworks to finish explicit errands. Discipline †utilized in dispensing with or decreasing off base activities followed by explaining wanted activities. Self-Efficacy †identified with the self assessment of the capacities for doing some particular errands. Boosts †a thing that may inspire the understudies to become PC educated and concentrate more in school. Savage conduct †impact of a lot of introduction to PC wherein the understudies mess around as opposed to examining.

How to Cite a Source in a Foreign Language

How to Cite a Source in a Foreign Language (3) Good sources come in all types, sizes, andlanguages! With the increasing popularity of searching for sources on the Internet, it is easier than ever to access sources from all over the world and in different languages. With these kinds of sources, however, it can be difficult to understand how to accurately include them in your citation list. So, how exactly would you cite a source that was originally published in another language? Below are some helpful tips on how to do so in MLA, APA, and Chicago citation styles. To create a citation for a source in a foreign language, here are some pieces of information you may need: Author name(s) Title of the work* (you may need the original title, depending on your citation style) Where the work was published Date the work was published To help with creating citations for sources in a foreign language, we’ve included formulas and   examples for some of the most popular citation styles for the source Le Petit Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Formula for citing a foreign language source in MLA: Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title in the Original Language [Translated Title]. Publisher, Year. MLA format example: de Saint-Exupéry, Antoine. Le Petit Prince [The Little Prince]. Gallimard, 1943. *For additional help with MLA citations, checkout this MLA in-text citation example and MLA citation website citing guide. Formula for citing a foreign language source in APA: Author Last Name, First Initial. (Year Published). Title in the original language [Translated title]. Place of Publication: Publisher. APA citation example: de Saint-Exupéry, A. (1943). Le petit prince [The little prince]. Paris, France: Gallimard. *If you’re citing many sources, this guide can help you create citations for an APA reference page. Formula for citing a foreign language source in Chicago: Author Last Name, First Name. Original Title [Translated Title]. City of Publication: Publisher, Year Published. Chicago style citation example: de Saint-Exupéry, Antoine. Le Petit Prince [The Little Prince]. Paris: Gallimard, 1943. Is your paper written? Give it a quick review with an EasyBib Plus grammar check! Haven’t started writing yet? Review the basics with our grammar guides that cover what is an adjective, interjection examples, and a preposition definition.

City Of Manila Essay - 825 Words

City Of Manila (Essay Sample) Content: City Of ManilaStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameInstitution of LearningCity Of ManilaIntroductionThe City of Manila has a population of 1.7 million people and is considered as one of the most polluted cities in the world with notorious traffic congestions. The city of Adelaide is on the other hand one of the most liveable cities in the world, with a population of 1.2 million and practically no traffic jams at all. This paper compares these two cities in order to establish what manila can learn from Adelaide. The City of Manila is a relatively small city with a population of about 1.7 million people and an area of around 40 square kilometres. The city can thus be categorized amongst the overpopulated cities of the world (Townsend, 2013). Consequently, Manila has a very high level of pollution and other challenges including traffic and poor drainage system that makes the sanitation very problematic.Background of a Smart Designed CityAdelaide is a south Australian city with a popu lation that is close to that of Manila at 1.3 million people. Initially, this city suffered from high levels of pollution owing to its large population and the energy sources being used across the city. First, the transport means today are highly effective reducing the traffic jams by 100% and the city is now considered as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"twenty minute cityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ owing to the ability to move from one place to another easily (Fajardo, 2011). The reduced traffic jams translate to reduced gas emissions, as do the number of trees planted around schools, churches, parks, reserves, coastlines and transport corridors. These trees have managed to reduce the carbon emissions getting into the atmosphere thus making the city even cleaner. The city is planned very effectively in such a way that the transport systems are effective and diverse comprising of a South Eastern Freeway, Southern Express Way, the Port River Expressway and the Northern Expressway. This arrangement allows for effec tive transport across the metropolitan area thus making the city accessible without unnecessary congestions. The roads are also mostly very wide with multiple lanes to accommodate the growing number of vehicles in the city.The city has also cut down its use of fossil fuels in favour of renewable energy with a great inclination on solar energy. They have undertaken numerous campaigns to encourage the citizens to install solar panels on their rooftops, with over 200 schools having to depend on this clean energy for their power needs. As such, the city is slowly turning to solar energy to sustain its energy needs (Henderson, 2002).From its initial planning in the days of the first settlers, the city was designed to have two green rings around the city square thus implementing the green city initiative right from its birth. As a result, they have over 3 million trees within the city and a few parks and squares with a lot of trees as well. The green belt here is so extensive that it is r umoured that one can actually feel the fresh air in the city especially if they are from another part of the country or the world. These trees play a big role in keeping the city free of pollution as they mitigate from the effects of the unavoidable carbon emissions.Suggestions for Future Development and Lose Cost EstimatesIn order to reach up to Adelaideà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s standards, the city of Milan has to undergo a number of transformations within its layout. First, the cityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s roads must be reconstructed to accommodate the traffic and reduce the traffic jams. This may cost as much as $100 billion seeing as there is a need for a complete overhaul in the cityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s transport system. For efficiency, subways may also be found necessary especially seeing as Manila is in a developing country and thus the urban population is likely to keep growing.The green technology in terms of shifting to solar power as a main source of ... City Of Manila Essay - 825 Words City Of Manila (Essay Sample) Content: City Of ManilaStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameInstitution of LearningCity Of ManilaIntroductionThe City of Manila has a population of 1.7 million people and is considered as one of the most polluted cities in the world with notorious traffic congestions. The city of Adelaide is on the other hand one of the most liveable cities in the world, with a population of 1.2 million and practically no traffic jams at all. This paper compares these two cities in order to establish what manila can learn from Adelaide. The City of Manila is a relatively small city with a population of about 1.7 million people and an area of around 40 square kilometres. The city can thus be categorized amongst the overpopulated cities of the world (Townsend, 2013). Consequently, Manila has a very high level of pollution and other challenges including traffic and poor drainage system that makes the sanitation very problematic.Background of a Smart Designed CityAdelaide is a south Australian city with a popu lation that is close to that of Manila at 1.3 million people. Initially, this city suffered from high levels of pollution owing to its large population and the energy sources being used across the city. First, the transport means today are highly effective reducing the traffic jams by 100% and the city is now considered as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"twenty minute cityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ owing to the ability to move from one place to another easily (Fajardo, 2011). The reduced traffic jams translate to reduced gas emissions, as do the number of trees planted around schools, churches, parks, reserves, coastlines and transport corridors. These trees have managed to reduce the carbon emissions getting into the atmosphere thus making the city even cleaner. The city is planned very effectively in such a way that the transport systems are effective and diverse comprising of a South Eastern Freeway, Southern Express Way, the Port River Expressway and the Northern Expressway. This arrangement allows for effec tive transport across the metropolitan area thus making the city accessible without unnecessary congestions. The roads are also mostly very wide with multiple lanes to accommodate the growing number of vehicles in the city.The city has also cut down its use of fossil fuels in favour of renewable energy with a great inclination on solar energy. They have undertaken numerous campaigns to encourage the citizens to install solar panels on their rooftops, with over 200 schools having to depend on this clean energy for their power needs. As such, the city is slowly turning to solar energy to sustain its energy needs (Henderson, 2002).From its initial planning in the days of the first settlers, the city was designed to have two green rings around the city square thus implementing the green city initiative right from its birth. As a result, they have over 3 million trees within the city and a few parks and squares with a lot of trees as well. The green belt here is so extensive that it is r umoured that one can actually feel the fresh air in the city especially if they are from another part of the country or the world. These trees play a big role in keeping the city free of pollution as they mitigate from the effects of the unavoidable carbon emissions.Suggestions for Future Development and Lose Cost EstimatesIn order to reach up to Adelaideà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s standards, the city of Milan has to undergo a number of transformations within its layout. First, the cityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s roads must be reconstructed to accommodate the traffic and reduce the traffic jams. This may cost as much as $100 billion seeing as there is a need for a complete overhaul in the cityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s transport system. For efficiency, subways may also be found necessary especially seeing as Manila is in a developing country and thus the urban population is likely to keep growing.The green technology in terms of shifting to solar power as a main source of ...

Evaluation of Market Structures - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2548 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Evaluation of Market Structures 2.1 Explain how Economic Systems Attempt to Allocate Resources Effectively: Economic system definition: I will define Economic system as, A system in which a nation allocate its recourses and distribute good and services in the national community to satisfy the needs of the society. The element of economic system is people. government, different sector and different markets, this system answer the three basic economic questions. What to produce? How to produce? For whom to produce? Effect of economic system of business: Business now a days is virtually effected by Economic, Social, Legal, Technological, and political factors collectively form business environment. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Evaluation of Market Structures" essay for you Create order Rate of interest set by the central bank may affect business. Per capita income which has a huge impact on business environment by changing their consumption behavior. The government economic policies also effect business. The foreign investment in a country also effect business in the country. Instability in the economy due to bad political condition in the country effects the business environment. The inflation, Unemployment, interest rates also effect business. Allocation of recourses to business Pakistan ranks forty to fifty 1)Electricity: Pakistan have extensively energy recourses including fairly, sizable natural gas recourses, coal recourses and a large hydro power potential. these all they help in electricity production which are necessary for business. 2)Gas: Pakistan is a world leader in the use of compressed natural gas, The recourses of gas in Pakistan is so wide. These recourses are primary need for business. 3)Water: The water management system in Pakistan is well developed, Any organization needs can be satisfy in this regard. 4)Technology: Pakistan has huge potential for technology industry, which include software development and electronic manufacturing. For software development the government of Pakistan initialed many projects. 5)Construction: After the devastating 2005 earth quack Pakistan has initiated stricter builder codes. The demand of cements has increased. Business may approach for this with the help of Pakistan government to Dubai ports words etc. 2.2 Assess the Impact of Fiscal Monetary Policy on Business Organizations their Activities: Fiscal Policy: The policy by means of which a government is able to identify and monitor its expenditures and rates of taxes and can have a check on its effect on the nationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy. Monetary Policy: This policy means the management of supply and managing the growth of supply. These objectives are to maintain price stability. Monetary policy is away the government can impact the economy. Impact of Fiscal Monetary Policy: The fiscal and monetary policy if you used it correctly they have similar results in both simulating our economy and slowing it down when it heats up. At the point when our legislature uses its using and burdened forces to have an effect on the economy. The mix and connection of government uses and income accumulation is fragile adjust that obliges great timing and a smidgen of fortunes to take care of business.. The immediate and aberrant impacts of financial arrangement can have its impact on individual costs capital using, trade rates, deficiency levels and even investment rates, which are normally connected with fiscal strategy. The fiscal arrangement can likewise be utilized to burst into flames or ease off the economy yet it is controlled by the national bank and Federal Reserve with a definitive objective of making pain free income environment. At distinctive times in financial cycle, this could conceivably be genuine yet fiscal strategy has secured to have specific effects on the economy and value and settled salary markets. 2.3 Evaluate the Impact of Competition Policy Other Regulatory Mechanisms on the Activities of a Selected Organization: The impact of competition policy and other regulatory mechanisms is activates for the selection of organisms. the commission of competition is establish on 2 October 2007 in Pakistan, its is establish for that reason that it provide legal framework to create a business environment where healthy competition improving economic efficiency and establish base of business which is required for Pakistan and bring up Pakistan business to the top level and the youngster have a chance to prove himself. Task 3: 3.1 Explain How Market Structures Determine the Pricing Output Decisions of Businesses: Monopolistic competition: Imperfect competition are those competition in which one product or service is sold by a number of firms, companies or organization. In this type the every one set his own price of the product. In this type the market is dominated by a large number of firms. Monopolistic competitionis a type ofimperfect competitionsuch that many producers sell products that aredifferentiatedfrom one another as goods but not perfectsubstitutes, such as from branding, quality, or location. For Example: The restaurants is a monopolistic competition. It is because every where there is as much or many restaurants present. In which everyone want to earn profit so in thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s point of view every one fixed its own prices. And the numbers of restaurant is uncountable. Duopoly: A trueduopolyis a specific type ofoligopolywhere only two producers exist in onemarket. In reality, this definition is generally used where only two firms have dominant control over amarket. In the field ofindustrial organization, it is the most commonly studied form of oligopoly due to its simplicity. Oligopoly: Anoligopolyis amarket formin which amarketorindustryis dominated by a small number of sellers. A general lack of competition can lead to higher costs for consumers.Because there are few sellers,. The decisions of one firm influence and are influenced by the decisions of other firms. For Example: The telecommunication industry is a large number of firms in the industry but the industry is dominated by a very large producers. The telecommunication industry is dominated by a few because in Pakistan this type of firms is 5 in numbers. So thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s why it is an oligopoly and the competition between them is in control. Monopoly: Amonopolyexists when a specific person orenterpriseis the only supplier of a particular commodity Monopolies are thus characterize by a lack of economiccompetitionto produce thegoodorserviceand a lack of viablesubstitute goods.The verb monopolize refers to theprocessby which a company gains the ability to raise prices or exclude competitors. In economics, a monopoly is a single seller. In law a monopoly is a business entity that has significant market power, that is, the power, to charge high prices.Although monopolies may be big businesses, size is not a characteristic of a monopoly. A small business may still have the power to raise prices in a small industry or market. For Example: It is a monopoly because its exchange product are present in the country but the competitor of these industry are not present and the one firms of these organization dominate the whole market. In reality, rarely there is some forms of substitute are available in the market 3.2 Illustrate the Way in Which Market Forces Shape Organizational Responses Using a Range of Examples: Market force: Market force is define as The behavior of buyers and sellers affects the levels of prices and wages without any influence from the government. Ingeneralexcess demandcausespricesand quantity ofsupplyto rise andexcess supplycauses them to fall. Market force response to business: Business strengths represent the cooperation in the middle of supply and interest with in a business sector. Authoritative reaction is the response given by an organization or business to a temperate or business condition and an association reaction to market strengths is enter in any situation as it will have an immediate effect on the organizations benefits and dishonor. As far as supply and interest the best organizations will have fitting statistical surveying and examination set up to guarantee that they find themselves able to supply an item or administration to meet the requests of its clients. In the event that an organization has judged the business sector interest for their item accurately th en they will keep their clients content by guaranteeing they supply the item or administration asked for by their clients in the proper amounts. It will likewise build benefits as the organization will have judged their edges effectively to have the capacity to supply and offer however much of their item as could reasonably be expected. 3.3 Judge How the Business Cultural Environments Shape the Behaviors of a Selected Organization: Business environment: The external and internal environment influences that operating system of a company is called business environment. This include clients, investors, suppliers, competitors, and owners. There are two types of business environment. 1)Internal environment/micro environment: Internal environmental factors are events that occur within an organization. These factors are related to the specific company or firm and are included as a part of total marketing system of company. 2)External environment/macro environment: External environmental factors are events that take place outside of the organization and are harder to predict and control. Organizational culture: The culture of the organization depend on a unique and very good culture, a culture of talented people guided by shared principles, who are committed to providing our people with a helpful and empower workplace. There are four type of culture which follow by the organization Power culture Role culture Team culture Person culture power culture: A corporate culture which stresses the role of the person or persons in power. Role culture: Role culture is a style of corporate culture which assumes that all employees are rational beings and that role can be defined and discharged in a clearly defined procedure. Organizations are divided into different functions and each employee is assigned a duty to undertake. Role culture in any organization helps to stabilize its operations since employees focus on their activities hence increasing productivity. Team culture: Team culture is concerned with how the team operates including its selection procedures and power structure, how rewards are give, practice procedures, game protocols, acceptable behavior and dress code. Team culture often depends on the traditions or lack of them of a team. Person culture: Person culture is one in which activity is strongly influenced by the wishes of the individuals who are part of the organization. 4.1) Discuss the significance of international trade to UK business organizations? International trade: International trade is the exchange of goods and services and the exchange of goods and services along international border. In most countries such trade represent significant share of gross domestic products. Impact of international trade: 1)Industrialization 2)Advance in technology transportation 3)Globalization 4)Multinational corporations 5)Out sourcing Economic integration: Economic integration is the union of economic policies between different states through the unfinished or full finish of tax and non-tax limits on trade taking place among them past to their integration. The aim of economic integration is to reduce costs for both consumers and producers, and as well as to increase trade between the countries taking part in the agreement. Global Market: Global market is the activity of buying and selling of goods and services in all countries of the world, global marketing is the process of turning over a final product or service, with the hopes of success international marketing population. global marketing has the ability of a company to the next level by implementing some marketing strategies based on the region. 4.2 Analyze the Impact of Global Factors on Pakistan Business Organizations: The buying and selling of goods and services across international borders is known as international trade. The need for trade with other countries arises because no country is self sufficient. The production of different kinds of goods and services requires different kinds of resources. Resources are unevenly distributed throughout the world. If the Pakistan exports something from EU then first of all the Pakistan has to pay in euro so convert from rupee to euro. Because in Pakistan the currency use is known as rupee. Then the trade barr ier is also imposed by the government. The most common type of trade barrier is tariff. Trade between two nations took place when removal of trade barriers is resulted. A shift in manufacture from higher cost of manufacture to lower cost of manufacture take place. Trade interruption result in use shifting from lower cost of production to higher cost of production. Trade formation is clearly beneficial to businesses of UK and trade change is not. 4.3 Evaluate the Impact of Policies of the European Union on UK Business Organizations: European union: An economic and political union established in 1993 after the approval of the Maastricht Treaty by members of the European Community and since expanded to include many Central and Eastern European nations. The establishment of the European Union expanded the political scope of the European Economic Community, especially in the area of foreign and security policy, and provided for the creation of a central European bank and the adoption of a common currency euro. There are 28 countries which are the members of the European Union. It is economic and political union. The core purpose of the European Union is to help other countries economically and religiously. They discuss other countries in their meetings for the expenditure of their businesses. They also provide aids to those countries that are facing problems. Example when flood comes in Pakistan they provide us heavy aids. (European Union, 2014) EU impacts business in Pakistan: Fighting poverty and helping the country on its path towards inclusive and sustainable growth are the overarching aims of EU support to Pakistan. These goals will only be achieved if founded on political stability, social unity, the creation of productive and decent work opportunities, human and social development, the rule of law, and diversification of economic activity. Pakistans 150 million population has the highest growth rate in South Asia. especially those connecting to baby people, child underfeeding and primary school enrolment. Social sectors require more resources and major environmental problems include serious water shortages caused by demographic pressure, deforestation and poverty, Social unfairness and power are further issues to be addressed. The economic growth of recent years appears to have had little impact on poverty, which affects over a third of the population. A country level to natural disasters, the 2005 earthquake followed by floods in 2010 and 2011c aused well-known damage. Hurdle for Pakistan to enter in EU: There are many hurdle for Pakistan to enter in EU. but the major hurdle from my point of view the currency. because Pakistani currency is Rupee and EU currency is Euro. Euro is stronger than rupee so for business you have to change currency first rupee into Euro, its a first hurdle. The second hurdle the problem of language in Pakistan the national language is Urdu but without that there is 36 other language speak in Pakistan so people who are well qualified he know Urdu, and same as the case EU have English language so the who dont speak his national language how they speak English, the third hurdle the product of EU is very expensive, so people of Pakistan cant buy it , In Pakistan 10 to 12% of people who affords these product, there are many more hurdle that Pakistan cant enter in EU. The advantages are lower transaction costs, less exchange rate volatility, more incentives for cross-border trade and investment, and potentially lower long-term interest rates. With the Rupee, trade within the Rupee area has increased and that, inside the Pakistan, Pakistani trade with the rupee area and Pakistani national income could, over the long term, increase significantly. so money exchange is a big problem for both of country. EU trade in Euro and Pakistani change their currency to euro.

Online College Is The Future - 993 Words

While online college may be the future, it drops the ball in many important areas. When talking about online college, students will say things like â€Å"I always wanted to school from home.†, or â€Å"I can get the degree on my own time.†. Promises that â€Å"bait† gullible students into taking online classes. These classes are practically designed to make students fail, or drop out, and schools won’t change the system or close registration for online classes. Ultimately, students are losing money, time, and effort to a flawed program. With the increasing â€Å"boom† in technology and people’s modern hectic schedules, online college was introduced to provide a new convenient option for students. Schools wanted to appeal to more people. So, online college seemed like a great idea, with one week to complete assignments people could do them any time of day and any day of the week. However, with the introduction of online courses came problems unique to them. In an attempt to create hassle-free higher education option, major problems cause more problems than traditional college courses. First, online classes require a large about of dedication and self-motivation that isn’t apparent beforehand. Because there isn’t a classroom to keep students focuses or teachers making sure students are getting things done on time, students must rely on themselves to constantly check due dates and watch for new assignments. Something that is harder than expected — one study of over a thousand online students byShow MoreRelatedOnline Learning Essay922 Words   |  4 Pages000 American children take online classes (1). Although online classes have been available for a few decades, the number of students taking them is increasing rapidly. This era that people are now living in has been nicknamed the â€Å"digital age.† Many people are modernizing the way that they live by incorporating more technology into their lives. Taking an online class is a remarkable way for a student to keep up with their studies. However some opposers say that online classes will t ake the placeRead MoreOnline Education Is A Type Of Distance Learning1141 Words   |  5 PagesOnline education is a type of distance learning that involves taking courses without attending an on-campus college. Instead students and professors interact over the internet. It utilizes the Internet or videoconferencing to create learning communities. Course materials are provided on a Web site and are occasionally found on CD-ROM; email, bulletin boards, forums, and chat rooms are used to interact with other students and teachers. (â€Å"Online Learning?† 2015) In 1873 the first official online educationRead MoreInternet Is Getting More Advanced1388 Words   |  6 PagesInternet is getting more advanced. People over the world have access to the Internet at their home that allows them to be educated, to communicate with families and friends from far distance, and to be entertain by movies. Colleges, hospital, and other public places also provide free Internet for people to use. Internet makes it possible for people to share their knowledge of education and their experimental around the world. Teachers across the world can communicate with each other better than beforeRead MoreIs College Really Worth the Trouble?1196 Words   |  5 Pagesbroke to afford to go to college? College is expensive and the costs are continuing to rise. I ask myself this question everyday and wonder is going to college actually worth it. The future of higher education is continuing to evolve and I believe that college is affordable to anyone who truly wants to go. The future of traditional college is in jeopardy. Sometimes going to college and spending the money is not always the best option. To begin with, I believe that college is affordable. I believeRead MoreOnline Education Vs. Traditional Education1221 Words   |  5 PagesBenefits of Online Education Factions and supporters of online education express many advantages of online education compared to old-style classroom instruction. First, enrollment options are offered to each student to study online for most degree plans, with a flexible enrollment option and from any location, free from a competitive student classroom environment (Frame et al., 2015). Second, online education provides the student the option to work their assignments from home or any location atRead MoreOnline Education Is A Type Of Distance Learning1142 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Online education is a type of distance learning that involves taking college courses without attending the campus. Instead students and professors interact over the Internet. It utilizes the Internet or video conferencing to create learning communities. Course materials are provided on a Web site and are occasionally found on CD-ROM; email, bulletin boards, forums, and chat rooms are used to interact with other students and teachers. (â€Å"Online Learning?† 2015) In 1873 the first officialRead MoreA Blended Future Of Technology1336 Words   |  6 PagesBlended Future Technology in education is not a new concept, especially at the college level. Universities are encouraged to offer online courses, or as freelance journalist Chrissie Long and many other experts call them, MOOCs (massive online open courses), to reach out to more students and provide them with a more convenient style of learning (455). While MOOCs certainly have their strengths, how far should universities go? What is the future of online education? Should colleges of the future onlyRead MoreDifferences Between Online And Traditional Education787 Words   |  4 PagesStudents seeking higher education now have the option to either take classes online via the internet or take classes traditionally in the classroom. Online and Traditional Education are still similar and still use the same concept of teaching. These include having a teacher, discussion board, and the same traditional curriculum. In fact there is only a few differences. The big known difference is the flexibility of on line classes versus a scheduled classroom environment. This makes it easier for studentsRead MoreOnline Classes Vs Traditional Classes1316 Words   |  6 PagesAlexis Lopiccolo Mrs. Scruggs English III Honors 9 December 2015 Online vs. Traditional: Are online classes better than traditional classes? Although online classes can seem easier due to not having to deal with the physical peer pressure in a traditional schooling environment, they are not always easier. It is effective to learn in a traditional classroom, but a great aspect of online learning is not having to be face-to-face with the professor. There are many students who just simply wantRead MoreOnline Classes Vs Traditional Classes1316 Words   |  6 PagesAlexis Lopiccolo Mrs. Scruggs English III Honors 9 December 2015 Online vs. Traditional: Are online classes better than traditional classes? Although online classes can seem easier due to not having to deal with the physical peer pressure in a traditional schooling environment, they are not always easier. It is effective to learn in a traditional classroom, but a great aspect of online learning is not having to be face-to-face with the professor. There are many students who just simply want

Concept Analysis Interruptions And Medical Error

Concept Analysis: Interruptions Abstract Problem. In modern-day acute care settings, interruptions occur as part of normal work flow. Technology driven task performance intermingles with interpersonal communication, patient care needs, medication administration and distraction within one’s mind. When a task requires attention to detail or a significant amount of our attention, an interruption can be devastating to a patient, the person carrying out the task and the facility they are employed within. In healthcare literature research, a consistent definition of the term interruption was difficult to ascertain. Identifying a consistent definition would support research designed to support a link between interruptions and medical error.†¦show more content†¦A concept analysis is being performed to determine if a consistent definition of interruption can be found as it applies to a healthcare setting. Concept Definition Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary (n.d.) defines an interruption as â€Å"a break in the continuity or uniformity of; to stop or hinder by breaking in†. The context may apply to seasons, humans, or in computer terms. In computer terms the definition includes a feature of a computers that permits the temporary interruption of one activity to perform another (Interruption, n.d.). Cambridge dictionary defines interruption as â€Å"an occasion when someone or something stops something from happening for a short period†, in business language it would include an occasion when a company is prevented from operating as normal (Interruption, n.d.). The MacMillan dictionary defines an interruption as ‘something that someone says or does that stops someone else when they are speaking or concentrating on something’, ‘the act of stopping something for a period of time’, and ‘a time during which something interrupts a process or a ctivity’ (Interruption, n.d., expression 1-3). In assessing synonymous terms break, interference, disruption, disturbance, and discontinuance are the predominant terms found (Thesaurus.com, 2016). The definitions lead us to believe an interruption is always attributed to a thing or a person, however, mostly theShow MoreRelatedEssay On Reliability Of Visualization Tools1588 Words   |  7 Pagesunit (ICU). Subsequently fatal diagnostic errors continue to occur in this setting. According to (5 cite the reference not number) the errors have been attributed to two main causes: 80% of â€Å"user error† is attributable to cognitive overload and approximately 91% of all medical mishaps are allegedly due to inadequate and inefficient ICU team communication and collaboration, leading to a systemic breakdown of the clinical workflow. Essentially data analysis by clinicians results in excessive cognitiveRead MoreIs Medical Errors A Medical Error? Essay1700 Words   |  7 PagesIn part one of this assignment, we took a closer look at medical errors, including why errors occur, and what is considered to be a medical error. In the busy clinical setting, nurses are often interrupted by phone calls, patients, and even other staff members. Research shows that medical errors are now one of the top three leading causes of death within the United States, therefore it is time to work on addressing this problem (Daniel, 2016). Theory in nursing provide the â€Å"basis of understandingRead MoreInformatics And Its Multiple Tools1220 Words   |  5 PagesAs technology evolves and it is widely applied in medical practice, the need for informatics and its multiple tools increases every day. Enhanced communication, sharing of information and knowledge, telehealth and biomedical equipment are only some of the areas that informatics is involved. Informatics utilizes the power of technology to turn information data into knowledge that people can use in their everyday lives. Using computing, informatics is applied to solve problems in healthcare, educationRead MoreA Products Usability Achieves Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Satisfaction516 Words   |  2 Pagesimportant concept in human factors. ISO defines usability as the extent in which a product can be used to achieve goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use. Technology should have an aspect of usability and user friendliness especially in a clinical context, so that it can reduce cases of medical errors. An information system comprises of various elements, among them is users who should have a clear understanding of their functions. Usability as a concept increasesRead MoreAnalysis On The Digital Age Insurance1549 Words   |  7 Pagesadministration solutions, underwriting applications and billing systems—to forecast a nd predict future losses. 2 Introduction: Underwriting is one of the important processes in insurance operations. The applicant s information, including various kinds of medical information, must be evaluated before the insurance company can decide to accept the application. These activities are usually supported by process automation facility. Typically the Insurance Underwriter looks for Determinants (figure 1) receivedRead MoreA Brief Note On The Healthcare System Of Healthcare1866 Words   |  8 PagesProfessionalism in Healthcare The healthcare industry, as well as the professionals invested in medical-care, are highly regarded and respected. The public looks to physicians, nurses, physical and respiratory therapists, along with countless others professionals during times of medical crisis and often when they are in their most vulnerable state. The healthcare system is a multifaceted system with the purpose of helping the sick recover or improving the quality of life, for those who can noRead MoreTechnology Is On The Rise Than Ever Before1820 Words   |  8 Pageshome has a clinician, medical counselor, registered nurse, direct support professionals and managers to assist the individuals in living a comfortable daily life with the least amount of medical interruptions. Each home varies in medical needs and some homes have more medically frail individuals than others; some higher functioning and some lower functioning individuals. The lack of proper and structured user input is one of the largest issues that lead to delays and errors in application developmentRead MoreHuman Factors Influencing Quality and Safety in Healthcare2124 Words   |  9 PagesHuman Error Theory: Human Factors influencing Quality and Safety in Healthcare Name Instructors Name Course Date Abstract Human error theory explores human factors and ergonomics, which contribute to the implementation and design of health and safety measures in healthcare. The theory identifies the effect of medical errors by healthcare providers cause significant risks to the health and safety of patients. It explains human errors in terms of contributory factors that prevail in a personsRead MoreCritically Assessing Human Factors And The Impacts On Health Care1879 Words   |  8 Pagesaudit, quality patient care, and human error were used to source material. Any publications that did not have significant relevance to the report were excluded. Findings Clinical Governance Clinical governance is the system through which health and disability services are held accountable for their actions and held responsible for continuously improving the quality of their service to ensure the highest standard of care is being delivered (White, 2015). The concept of clinical governance arose in theRead MoreTechnology And Change Management Paper2044 Words   |  9 Pages Best Practices in Healthcare The health care industry has adapted well to change. With the influx of medication errors, malpractice lawsuits, and miscommunication between departments; patient tracking has become the solution to the mismanagement of data. This concept represents the time dimension of information, it has two aspects: (1) having access to information when you need it, or timeliness, and (2) having information that describes

Analysis Of The Poem My August Guest By Edgar Allan Poe

The Nature of Sorrow Why is autumn usually correlated with sorrow? In the poem â€Å"My November Guest†, Robert Frost talks about sorrow in the form of a female and this woman tries to convince the narrator to appreciate the beauty in sorrow and autumn. Frost convinces the reader into thinking that sorrow is deserved during November. The other poem, â€Å"Alone†, Edgar Allan Poe discusses the feeling of being alone and different and the sorrow that comes with it. Poe convinces the reader to hating the feeling of being different. Both of the poems are about sorrow and apply nature to enhance the meanings. Robert Frost describes sorrow as a female that wears grey and tries to convince Frost of the beauty in sorrow and solitude of November days. Whereas, Edgar Allan Poe talks about the loneliness he has felt his entire life and the sorrow that comes with being lonely and different. Firstly, both Robert and Edgar implement nature and autumn to express the sorrow that they a re feeling across to the reader. The method they use to convey sorrow pulls the reader into the poem as an abundant amount of people suffer from seasonal depression. When Robert Frost says, â€Å"She’s glad the birds are gone away,† he means that his sorrow strengthens from the feeling of being alone. This is similar to the feeling of solitude and sorrow that the narrator in â€Å"Alone† feels throughout the story. Furthermore, when Edgar Allan Poe says, â€Å"Of a demon in my view† the demon is the loneliness and sorrow he has feltShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 PagesBuena VistA university | A Theoretical Analysis of H.P. Lovecraft’s â€Å"Beast in the Cave† | Senior Seminar | | Cory J. Dahlstrom | 7/28/2012 | H.P. Lovecraft has been called â€Å"one of the best, worst authors of our century.† In the following paper, I will explore his earliest work, â€Å"The Beast in the Cave,† a story written when he was around fifteen years old. I will explore its meanings and context through the lenses of reader response, deconstructionism, new

Goals Problem Solving and Population Reference Bureau Free Essays

Abstract â€Å"To prepare for solving a problem, we must first acknowledge that the problem exists. Then, we must accept it, and clearly define or identify it. Finally, we must commit to solving the problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Goals: Problem Solving and Population Reference Bureau or any similar topic only for you Order Now Without some degree of personal commitment, the problems that we acknowledge, accept, and identify might never be resolved. 1. using a current local or international newspaper, identify an important local, national, or international concern that needs to be solved. Use the Library and Information Resources Network (LIRN) link by clicking here to locate two or more credible articles that provide background information and an analysis of the problem. You can also access LIRN in your online course by clicking on Course Home tab, then the Online Resources link. Contact your Campus for your LIRN password. 3. Using the articles you found as a resource, explain the concern using the five â€Å"Problem Solving Methods† found on page 104 of your textbook. Use Microsoft Word to respond to your problem. Your response should consist of 1-2 pages. Cite your articles using APA guidelines. Visit the APA Guide for assistance with APA formatting. † Week Two Individual Work (1) Introduction Using the articles I found as a resource, I am going to explain the concern using the five â€Å"Problem Solving Methods†. This is a big issue and I think we should all be actively trying to solve this issue. Environmental Problems I am going to be discussing environmental problems. I will use the problem solving methods as they are outlined in our text. â€Å"Problem- Solving Method (Advanced) Step 1: What is the problem? a. What do I know about the situation? b. What results am I aiming for in this situation? c. How can I define the problem? Step 2: What are the alternatives? a. What are the boundaries of the problem situation? b. What alternatives are possible within these boundaries? Step 3: What are the advantages and/ or disadvantages of each alternative? a. What are the advantages of each alternative? b. What are the disadvantages of each alternative? c. What additional information do I need to evaluate each alternative? Step 4: What is the solution? a. Which alternative(s) will I pursue? b. What steps can I take to act on the alternative(s) chosen? Step 5: How well is the solution working? a. What is my evaluation? b. What adjustments are necessary? †(Chafee) The problem is environmental problems, such as we have been polluting our planet’s air, water, and land; depleting its resources; and accumulating a lot of waste for which we need to find places to store. I know this situation needs to be suppressed on some level; because if we continue at this rate, then our environment will not be fit to live in. We have 6. 8 billion people on Earth today (Population Reference Bureau, 2009) and all of these people need food, water, clothing, and shelter. In addition to these minimal needs to survive, millions of people in developed nations have cars, large homes, air conditioning, heated houses, washers, dryers, heated water for bathing, refrigerators, stoves, and so on. Hence, having nearly 7 billion people on Earth, compared to 5.2 billion people just 20 years ago (Population Reference Bureau, 1990), and having many people with a high standard of living, means that we humans will pollute a lot, deplete a lot, and build up huge amounts of waste that need to be stored. A second major reason why we have a big problem of polluting, depleting, and storing of waste is that during the past 200 years, we have gone from an agricultural way of life to an industrial way of life. Instead of â€Å"living off the land,† â€Å"growing grain to eat, and tending to farm animals, we built  factories and machines and created a new status called the factory worker to produce all kinds of products to consume—as a stroll through a typical shopping mall will show. To create these products, we have used a lot of resources and polluted the air and rivers. One of the most dangerous consequences of our polluting the environment is that we add huge amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere as the result of burning fossil fuels, such as oil and gas, by industries and automobiles.† The result is the warming of our planet and the possible change of Earth’s climate, which could wreak havoc for the growing seasons. What can we do about this? More and more people are coming to the realization that we must consider the long term, what is good for the global community, and what is good for future generations if we want to survive as a species. This will require us to think, plan, sacrifice, and change our ways of living. Many people in our country, and throughout the world, do not realize the seriousness of our environmental problem. Hence, part of the solution is to make Americans more aware of the problem and to educate them about the problem. We must find ways to give these Americans incentives so that they want to address the environmental problem or at least accept the notion that we must address this problem, regardless of their vested interests. The environmental problem will not go away by denying its existence or by denying that it is becoming a bigger and bigger problem. The oceans and the air are common property that we all share. If air and water pollution stayed only in the country that produced it, the nation producing this pollution could take the initiative and responsibility to clean up the pollution it produced. But air and water pollution does not stop at state boundaries; rather it spreads throughout the world. We as citizens of this world, not just citizens of a nation, will need to work together to clean up our oceans and air. Probably, we will eventually need to agree on some worldwide goals for the planet. We have been moving in this direction by attempting to decrease carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbon emissions. We will probably need to make saving our environment one of the main goals of our world community. Within this goal, we will need to agree on more specific goals such as decreasing carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and chlorofluorocarbons; increasing the amount of rainforest; finding new, better, and safer ways of storing hazardous waste; and producing more energy without polluting more, depleting more, and creating more waste. Conclusion This is an issue we must all face together. We must realize that there is a problem and work on long term goals to correct this problem. Eventually, we may be able to turn this around. However, we must think long term, not only think about the here and now. Probably, a key factor, if not the key factor, in solving our environmental problem is time. Can we, as a world community, act soon enough to head off environmental trends that could be difficult, if not impossible, to reverse—for example, rising carbon dioxide emissions leading to rising temperatures, melting glaciers, rising sea levels, and changing cli- mate patterns throughout the world? We must face this with a sense of urgency. How to cite Goals: Problem Solving and Population Reference Bureau, Papers

Patrick O Dea McGold free essay sample

Reporting government claims as immutable facts, the media virtually set the stage for the longest and undoubtedly one of the most controversial wars in American history. By its conclusion, the Vietnam War had resulted in nearly 60,000 American deaths and 2 million Vietnamese deaths. The Cold War period consumed America during the 1 9605. Any aggressive Communist move was perceived as a threat to democracy. Responding to these Gulf of Tontine reports, nearly all of America jumped to the same conclusion.The overwhelming majority incontrovertibly believed the nefarious North Vietnamese had been the aggressors, and thee. S. Was not only entitled, but had a duty as a democratic nation, to seek retaliation. Throughout this time of national tension and angst, it would take quite a courageous and valiant figure to seek out the truth and express peaceful aspirations. This man was Senator Wayne Morse of Oregon, and in doing so, he absolutely proved to be one of the most heroic Americans in the twentieth century. We will write a custom essay sample on Patrick O Dea McGold or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The truth behind the Gulf of Tontine incident was quite different from what had been reported.Rather than on routine patrol, the U. S. Destroyer Maddox as actually conducting an aggressive espionage mission, collecting intelligence about North Vietnamese defenses. In addition, despite the proposal of Captain John Heroic that the ambiguous circumstances surrounding the situation including darkness, stormy seas and nervous, inexperienced crewmen warranted a through investigation, Secretary of defense Robert Mascara told Congress there was unequivocal proof of the second unprovoked attack on U. S. Ships (Ford, 2008).As a result, on August 7, 1964, within hours of Mascaras dogmatic assertions, Congress passed the Gulf of Tontine Resolution by an astonishing margin of 416-0 in the House and 88-2 in the Senate (Kim, 2009). This resolution, which essentially served as a green light for the Vietnam War, authorized president Lyndon Johnson to engage American troops without a formal declaration of war. Eventually, more than eight million U. S. Military personnel would serve and fighting would spread from North and South Vietnam to Laos and Cambodia. Morse, who was one of the two Senators to vote nay, was unalterably opposed to this belligerence.He dubbed the conflict Mascaras War, and declared I believe that within the next century, future generations will look tit dismay and great disappointment upon a Congress which is now about to make such a historic mistake (Ford, 2008). Despite tremendous pressure from the press in his home state of Oregon and nationwide, Morse stood firm in his peaceful aspirations. Even the most reluctant members of Congress took a belligerent position after hearing about the so-called North Vietnamese assault Morse, together with Alaskan Senator Ernest Greening, formally opposed the resolution on constitutional grounds.Article of the Constitution establishes the president as commander-and- chief of the military, but for the purpose of checks and lances, Congress is given the power to declare war. Under the Gulf of Tontine Resolution, Morse believed, Congress had surrendered its power, and in doing so, had surrendered the power of the people that it was elected to represent. In Moors?s words, Congress had given the president and the military a blank check, to be paid with taxpayers money and citizens lives (Brooks, 2006). Over the next four years, Morse continued to be a paradigm of courage and willpower. He was unrelenting in his search for the truth, and proved to be adamant in his willingness to challenge authority. Despite the injurious uniqueness that it had on his political career, he dared to question not just the possibility that the U. S. Could win the war, but the morality of U. S. Involvement as well. He passionately contended that our democratic nation had no right to impose its will on the rest of the world.On national television in 1 964, Morse boldly declared, I dont know why we think, just because were mighty, that we have the right to try to substitute might for right (Solomon, 2001). Throughout the war, Senator Morse continued to overtly disparage the deceptive practices of President Johnson and his administration. He was retainer not afraid to speak his mind, especially taking issue with the fact that the Johnson administration habitually withheld pertinent information from the American public, as it had during the Gulf of Tontine Resolution.As is the case for most iconoclasts, Morse eventually suffered the consequences for his political dissent. After four consecutive six-year terms in the U. S. Senate, Morse was defeated in the 1968 election by Robert Packwood. A clever and slick politician, Packwood accentuated Morsels antiwar fervor during the ardently contested campaign. He repeatedly asserted that Morse was foolish in objecting to the U. S. Taking retaliatory action against the North Vietnamese (Brooks, 2006).He believed that by not taking action, American soldiers would be left essentially helpless. Packwood victory undoubtedly can be attributed to this assertion, because although the Vietnam War caused the greatest division in the country since the Civil War, essentially all Americans agreed that the soldiers safety was the top priority. From the time that he was defeated until his death in 1974, Morse essentially became a political pariah in the minds of the American public. His views were controversial, and his attitude, dogmatic.Despite public opinion, Senator Morse indefatigably displayed the resolve and the determination to stand up for what he believed in, not because he was looking for gratitude, but because he truly had the courage to do so. One man with courage, Andrew Jackson said, makes a majority.

Managing Strategic Resources & Operations NMG Group

Question: Discuss about theManaging Strategic Resources Operationsfor NMG Group. Answer: Introduction The NMG group plans on the introduction of a new white label investment fund. The investment fund in this case, would cover a large number of fields in this department. This is because, while other investment funds plan on the formation of individual investment plans along specific lines, the NMG group aims to bring all the fields under one umbrella. This is a major step towards innovation in this department since, it can help enhance the overall customer experience, and the other factors like ease of the customers in the access of various schemes would also be made easy under this scheme. The investment plans would thus aim at the formation of a scheme under which, the different aspects would be brought under a single roof. Also, this may help the company in the long run as it would also improve the public perception of the company. The Organizations Value and Mission Statements and its Current Business Objectives Importance of Strategic Planning Strategic planning is extremely important for any organization and should be undertaken right at the time of the inception of the application of any new service or product by the organization. The importance of strategic planning lies in the fact that without a careful analysis of the steps that we need to undertake in order to make a project successful, we are in fact clueless as to how the new service is going to work. In the current case scenario, the white label investment fund scheme under the NMG group is something that is innovative in its outlook(Allison and Kaye, 2005). However, without a careful market research and an analysis of market trends, it is impossible to think of measures that could help the endeavor in being successful. The market analysis would help us understand the trends in the market and an analysis of what really is missing in the market and what the customers really need. The strategic planning can thus help in the creation of decisions regarding which ste ps to tae and what gaps to fulfill in the market. It can thus help us in understanding whether the idea of a white label investment plan is supposed to meet all the needs in the market(Sherman, Sperry and Reese, 2003). A strategic planning further allows us to understand how to place the service in the market. This is important as it allows us to understand how the service is going to make its presence felt in the market. As a result, the service would gain visibility in the eyes of the potential customers and can then convey the aims and visions of the new scheme. Also, it would help us to understand how to create a product differentiation in the market. Without a product differentiation strategy, the customers would not be enticed into the scheme (Brown, 1990). The scheme is an unique idea in the current market scenario and it is where the scheme conveys to the customers about its utility and advantages over the other services that function in this department. Also, a strategic pl anning is extremely important in this case as an investment plan requires a significant amount of customer trust and that needs to be achieved if the plan is to be made successful (Zuckerman, 2005). The various aspects of the scheme including the marketing plan and the products differentiation strategy can only be created through the strategic planning that would be undertaken in this regard. Differences in Approach Between Profit and not-for-Profit Sectors The names of the two kinds of sectors itself points out the differences between these sectors. Profit sectors are the ones that are involved in the generation of funds that are primarily directed towards personal gains and are not primarily directed towards social welfare. However, in case of a not for profit sector, the primary aim is to generate welfare of the public (Sherman, Sperry and Reese, 2003). However, there may also be aspects of generation of funds. But the basic differences between the generations of funds in this case and that in the case of profit sectors, the funds that are generated are for personal gains or for the gain of any group involved in the sector and its functioning (Fillis and Rentschler, 2006). In such a case, the differences between the two sectors are quite evident. Also, because of these differences, the not for profit sectors are exempted from the various tax issues. The government issues certain taxes on the profit generating sectors. Since the not f or profit sectors are inclined towards the public welfare issues, the various taxes are also exempted for those sectors. The taxes are instead directed towards the profit organizations. However, in the case of a service such as the one concerned, there is a fine line between being projected as a profit or a non-profit organization. In such a case, the problem needs to be addressed. As to how the new service is to be projected in the market (Gru?nig, Ku?hn and Ku?hn, 2005). Since it is a service that involves a tremendous amount of customer trust and involvement, it should on no means project itself as a service that lies in the profit sector. The presence of the service in the not for profit sector would not only give the scheme in certain matters of tax exemptions and other fund management procedures, it would also help the company gain hold of the customer goodwill which would again help the company in the long run in case of other services as well. Goals and Objectives for the Organization The goals of the organization at the present must focus on providing the best quality service to its new customers that the organization aims to pull in by its innovative scheme of policies. Also, it is important to take note that the organization cannot at any cost; afford to lose out to its customers on the basis of issues of trust. The objectives of the organization at this stage should be clear. That is to say, the organization must portray itself as one that places public well being as its priority (Katsioloudes and Katsioloudes, 2006). The public perception of the company is one of those factors that would play an important decisive role in the fate and future direction of the company. As a result, the service in this department needs to be of the best quality and needs to be hassle free for the customers if it aims to succeed. Situational Market Analysis Porters Five Forces Analysis An analysis of porters five forces for this organization reveals that the industry is indeed lucrative as the factors that decide it are indeed on the higher end of the scale. Also, when we analyze the factors in depth, we find out that the bargaining power of the suppliers is not one to be taken into account directly but it does have a certain level of impact on the industry. The bargaining power is quite high and that makes it one of the driving forces of this industry. The substitutes are also large in number and the threat of new entrants is constant. These two factors also explain why the bargaining power of the customers is also quite strong. PESTEL Analysis Political The political factors are an important one to take notice in this regard as the changing government and various political events would create an effect on the policies which would impact the investment industry on a large scale. Economic The economic factors are the most important to take note of because the entire sustenance of the company is dependent on the ability of the customers to spend their money. As a result, economic factors are always at play. Social The social factors that are of importance here are the ones that decide how much the people are willing to spend and also to save. Since the investment funds are focused on the peoples need to save, the social factors are extremely important. Technological The technological factors that we need to take into account are the various new technologies and the means that have come to play in this industry. The utilization of the internet and other options would result in an increase in the customer base as it would result in easier access. Environmental The environmental factors are not of much importance in this industry unless there are direct effects on any environmental factor. Legal The legal issues are something that an industry in this department needs to take note of at all times. The industry is related to money and the funds are completely those of the general public. As a result, any failure to meet the needs or perform accordingly would result in severe legal issues. External Factors that Affect the Organization The external factor that is the most important in the functioning of this organization is the factor of public communication. Without a strategy of public communication, the organization wont be able to reach out to the customers and convey what it has that differentiates it from the others. The service is in fact dependent largely on the number of customers that it can attract to its scheme (Kelly, 2006). However, if it remains unsuccessful in gaining market share and bringing in the customers, it wont be able to keep up its place. Since the public connection is so important in this sphere, the factor needs to be taken into account whenever we decide on the analysis of the market situation. Also, the changes in the government policies and the changing customer preferences and expectations are supposed to create a huge difference in this organization and this service policy (Nguyen, 2012). Since the entire service is related to financial matters, the presence of the government polici es is quite natural. Without a government approval, this particular service is impossible to create. As a result, the changes in the government policies are also supposed to create huge differences in the organization and its service. Opportunities, Threats and Competitive Position Strengths The strengths of the organization lies in the fact that the new service is in one of those fields that has a continuous market presence. The new service can thus find its position in the market without much difficulty. Also, the strength lies in the fact that the service is one of a kind and would create a difference for a large number of customers. Weaknesses The weakness of the firm is its late entry in the sphere. Also, the firm does not have the same kind of market presence or brand value as the other firms do. As a result, it would not be successful in immediately attracting customers as there are a large number of major players in this field. Opportunities The opportunities in this sphere are huge for the organization as this is an industry that always has a presence and a demand in the market. Also, it needs to be understood as financial matters are always a big concern in the modern society and that is what needs to be taken advantage of. Threats However, we need to understand that the organization faces a number of threats as there are a large number of competitors as well in this field. In such a case, the organization cannot make its presence felt if it does not create a differentiation in the matters of the products (Ritchie-Dunham and Rabbino, 2001). Competitive Position As a result, the competitive position of the company is also to be noted for understanding the prospects of the organization in this sphere (Rothwell and Kazanas, 2003). The competitive position can be gained control of by creating a kind of service differentiation that allows gaining a market that is different from the others. In such a case, promoting the fact that the service is completely along a different line would help the organization gain a clear advantage. References Allison, M. and Kaye, J. (2005).Strategic planning for nonprofit organizations. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Brown, L. (1990).Competitive marketing strategy. 1st ed. Melbourne: Nelson. Fillis, I. and Rentschler, R. (2006).Creative marketing. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Gru?nig, R., Ku?hn, R. and Ku?hn, R. (2005).Process-based strategic planning. Berlin: Springer. Katsioloudes, M. and Katsioloudes, M. (2006).Strategic management. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. Kelly, A. (2006).Managing maintenance resources. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann. Nguyen, T. (2012).Investing in the high yield municipal market. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Ritchie-Dunham, J. and Rabbino, H. (2001).Managing from clarity. Chichester: J. Wiley. Rothwell, W. and Kazanas, H. (2003).Planning and managing human resources. Amherst, Mass.: HRD Press. Sherman, S., Sperry, J. and Reese, S. (2003).The seven keys to managing strategic accounts. New York: McGraw-Hill. Zuckerman, A. (2005).Healthcare strategic planning. Chicago, Ill.: Health Administration Press.

JAPANESE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT TO AUSTRALIA A Essays

JAPANESE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT TO AUSTRALIA: AN ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT PERFORMANCE, CAUSES, AND PROSPECTS Khondaker M. Rahman Professor in Business Administration Graduate School of Business Administration Nanzan University, Nagoya, Japan and Visiting Professor School of Commerce and Marketing FABIE, CQ University Australia Bldg. 19, Level 2, Bruce Highway North Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia Phone: +61 7 4923 2695 e-mail: [emailprotected] Sheikh F. Rahman Professor of Accounting School of Commerce and Marketing FABIE, CQ University Australia 108 Lonsdale Street, Level 7 Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia Phone: +61 3 8662 0810 e-mail: [emailprotected] Mohamed O. Elsayed Lecturer in Accounting School of Commerce and Marketing FABIE, CQ University Australia Bldg. 34, Level 1, Bruce Highway North Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia Phone: +61 7 4930 9893 e-mail: [emailprotected] JAPANESE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT TO AUSTRALIA: AN ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT PERFORMANCE, CAUSES, AND PROSPECTS ABSTRACT This paper examines Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Australia in its historical continuity and change and postulates on the underlying factors. For research methods, it resorts to archival sources and qualitative induction and deduction logic. Findings suggests that there are four driving forces, namely, severe scarcity of manufacturing inputs, high cost of labour, accumulation of surplus funds for investment abroad, and firm-specific and internally created management resources in Japan have propelled its FDI to Australia. In addition to these imperatives in Japan, Australia's three sets of national advantages, namely, the advantage or resource endowments, created and nurtured advantage of an affluent domestic market, and the advantage from its historical role in promoting globalization, have attracted Japanese FDI. Especially, these national favourable conditions have enticed the market and resource-seeking Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs) to select Australia for direct investment and other business operations. Japan's trade frictions with the USA and other developed countries, instability in its resource procurement sources, and imperfections in its domestic labour and capital markets further drove its MNCs to invest in Australia. Australia, on the other hand, embraced Japanese FDI and MNCs since these were stable in nature and promising for a continued business and economic engagement. Australia also finds Japan as a partner for promoting and harvesting additional benefits from business and economic globalisation in the Asia-Pacific region, where Japan plays a significant role. Both countries' strengths, weaknesses, and national interest work centripetally and centrifugally to benefit from their mutual engagement and advantage. Keywords: ASEAN, Asia-Pacific, Australia, Australia-Japan FDI, comparative advantage, driving forces, global competitiveness, Japan, Japanese outward FDI, MNCs, Oceania, regional trade and investment blocs. 1. INTRODUCTION Japan's aggregate annual outward FDI flow to Australia has increased from barely US$1 million in 1965 to US$468 million in 1985, to US$1.854 billion in 2004 (JETRO 2008). Its FDI stock in Australia has also increased constantly from US$6.881 billion in 2001 to US$19.107 billion in 2008. Australia alone receives about 6.0 per cent of Japan's outward FDI, and is increasingly consolidating its position as a major receiver of Japanese FDI and MNCs, which has heightened interest among researchers (Anderson 1998, Bayari 2004, CEDA 1997, De Silva 2006, Ishii 2000, Kumarashinge Hoshino 2009, Tanno 2005, Tsumori 2001). This paper examines Japanese FDI to Australia in its historical continuity and change, and postulates the factors that have caused such movement of FDI to this country. The paper resorts to archival data sources and qualitative induction and logical deduction to conduct the research. As a prelude to investigate various factors that induce FDI, it examines various FDI theories, and develops a logical basis of analysis and explanation. The paper proceeds as follows: First, it makes an investigation into the flow of FDI from Japan to Australia from bilateral as well as global perspectives. Then, with a brief overview of the major theoretical arguments of FDI by MNCs and nations, it examines the competitive advantages available in these two countries that initiated, proliferated, and sustained their FDI businesses. Finally, summarising the research findings, it concludes that Japanese FDI to Australia will further flourish due to both nations' historical reliance on mutual advantages and/or endowments. 2. WORLD'S OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND JAPAN World Investment Report (UNCTAD, 2009) shows that world's aggregate outward FDI has increased and reached a record high level of US$1.997 trillion (at current prices and current exchange rates) in 2007 (see Table 1). It was in the range of US$632-US$735 billion during the first four years of the current millennium (Khondaker, 2006), but rebounded and amounted to US$881 billion in 2005 and US$ 1.323 trillion in 2006 (UNCTAD, 2008). Major suppliers of FDI included the USA, UK, Canada, Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,

9 Famous Types of Editing That Every Author Should Know

9 Famous Types of Editing That Every Author Should Know 9 Types of Editing: A Guide for Authors For any writer, the world of professional editing can be very intimidating - especially when trying to figure out what kinds of editors you need and how to find good ones for your project. Indeed, there are so many types of editing out there, it’s enough to make anyone’s head spin!But this process doesn’t have to be so overwhelming. In this guide, we’ll take you through all the different types of editing, what each one entails, and how they relate to one another. Plus we’ll provide insight from our own expert editors on what these types can do for you as a writer! Ready to get started? 9 types of editing how to apply them to your manuscript  Ã°Å¸â€œ  What are the 9 types of editing?1. Developmental editingDevelopmental editing, also called content or substantive editing, involves an editor providing detailed feedback on â€Å"big-picture† issues. They’ll refine your ideas, shape your narrative, and help you fix any major plot or character inconsistencies. Basically, they’ll look at just about every element of your story and tell you what works and what doesn’t.â€Å"For a developmental edit, I look at some of the larger questions,† says editor Mary-Theresa Hussey. â€Å"Why are the characters behaving as they do? What are their motivations? Do these scenes add to the overall story? What is your underlying theme and how does it change?†As we said, this is typically the first step in the editing process. After all, you don’t want to get your manuscript proofed or formatted if you haven’t even fleshed out the plot yet! A developmental editor will make sure your story’s u p to snuff before moving forward, so you don’t end up copy-correcting work that’s just going to get thrown out anyway.What do you get out of a developmental edit?There are two pieces here that your editor should provide: an editorial report and an annotated manuscript.The editorial report is a general critique of everything your developmental editor thinks you should change, along with commentary on what’s functioning well and should stay in your work. Meanwhile, the annotated manuscript is a marked-up version of the manuscript itself, with specific suggestions as to how you can fix each issue. You might think of the annotated manuscript as the editor’s raw feedback and the editorial report as a summary of that feedback.2. Editorial assessmentOn the other hand, if your manuscript isn’t quite ready yet for a developmental edit, but you still want to get some feedback on it, you can always call for an editorial assessment.â€Å"In an editorial asses sment, the author wouldn’t receive comments and example rewrites in the manuscript,† says genre fiction editor Leah Brown. â€Å"Instead, they would receive a letter that focuses on the broad strokes. An editorial assessment is best for an author who is early in the process and whose manuscript may be messier.†So an editorial assessment is similar to an editorial report, but with less detail. It should give you some concrete ideas about how to construct your story. However, it won’t have the nuance of a full developmental edit, so don’t rely on an assessment alone to perfect your manuscript.3. Structural editing Make sure that structure's solid before you build on it! (Image: Michael Eggerl on Unsplash)4. Copy editingOnce you’re certain that you’ve solved the big-picture issues of your book and done any necessary rewrites, it’s time to dive into copy editing! This type is also known as mechanical and sometimes line editing, depending on its particular application.â€Å"A copy editor’s job is to bring the author’s completed manuscript to a more professional level,† says editor Chersti Nieveen. â€Å"A copy edit helps create the most readable version of your book, improving clarity, coherency, consistency, and correctness. The goal is to bridge any remaining gaps between the author’s intent and the reader’s understanding.†What elements do copy editors consider?A copy editor examines and corrects the following elements in your work:SpellingGrammarCapitalizationWord usage and repetitionDialogue tagsUsage of numbers or numeralsPOV/ten se (to fix any unintentional shifts)Descriptive inconsistencies (character descriptions, locations, blocking, etc.)Essentially, while a developmental editor will address overarching issues with your story, the copy editor looks at more minute details. After all, it’d be pretty distracting to your reader if you constantly misuse dialogue tags or misspell the word â€Å"restaurant.† Copy editing ensures that errors like these don’t happen, so your writing is as strong as possible, and your reader remains 100% focused on the story.5. Line editingPeople often use this term synonymously with copy editing, but they’re not exactly the same. To clarify: line editing focuses specifically on the content and flow of your prose. It’s also called stylistic editing, since it concentrates on style rather than mechanics.In other words, it still falls under the umbrella of copy editing, but it’s more precise. While a full copy edit looks at all of the elemen ts listed in the bullets above, a line edit would only take word usage, POV/tense, and descriptive inconsistencies into account, and provide more detailed suggestions as to how to strengthen the prose itself.Obviously, spelling, grammar, and other mechanical elements are critical, but a line edit would not attend to these so much as to creative content. If you feel incredibly confident about the mechanics of your prose but less so about its flow and style, you might request that your copy editor focus their energy on line editing alone. After all, a proofreader can always catch any minor errors that slip through the cracks. Copy vs. line editing: what's the difference? Find out here! 🔎 And speaking of proofreaders...6. Proofreading 9 Types of Editing: A Guide for Authors Read post There are plenty of ways to self-edit or  build a team of insightful beta readers who can provide you with an outside perspective. But if you intend to become a successful author (whatever that means to you), there’s no replacement for professional assistance and correct procedure when it comes to editing. With this in mind, you’re ready to go forth and conquer - the world of editing, that is!Have you ever had a professional edit done on your work? If so, tell us about it in the comments below!